Factory Price OEM Spiral 100 Sheets Notebook Printing Knowledge That Must Be Considered in Graphic Design

Factory Price OEM Spiral 100 Sheets Notebook Printing knowledge that must be considered in graphic design

 

Prepress operation refers to the early work of printing process, including typesetting, color separation scanning and so on. The key of its work is to master the software used in the pre-press operation of the computer, familiar with the basic work flow of the printing process, good graphics and image processing ability.

 

At present, there is a serious problem about prepress operation in China: prepress operation operators are basically not printing professionals; The students coming out of print schools basically don't know much about prepress work. This creates a paradox: how to manage the combination of desktop operations and printing expertise.

 

For designers who want to move from the computer graphic design industry to prepress work, the first task is to grasp the printing expertise at all costs after contact with prepress work, otherwise it is very likely that they will not be able to work.

 

In order to help some of the pre-press production industry design staff, I according to the previous personal work experience and experience, some beginners often encounter some simple summary, hope to play a role.

 

First, the knowledge of characters

Characters are written symbols used to record and convey language.

The characters used in printing can be divided into type, font, size, etc.

 

1. Font

In the domestic printing industry, there are mainly Chinese characters, foreign characters, ethnic characters and so on. Chinese characters include Song style, regular style, black style and so on. Foreign text can be divided into white and black according to the thickness of the word, or according to the shape of the body, italic, cursive and so on. Ethnic characters refer to the languages used by some ethnic minorities, such as Mongolian, Tibetan, Uygur and Korean.

 

Song style typeface: Song style typeface is the most widely used typeface in the printing industry. According to the different appearance of the word, it is divided into Shu Song and Bao Song. Song style Song style is originated in the Song Dynasty block printing popular typography. The shape of Song style is square, the strokes are horizontal and vertical, the strokes are thin and thick, the edges and corners are distinct, the structure is rigorous, the strokes are neat and even, and there is a strong regularity of the strokes, so that people have a comfortable and eye-catching feeling when reading. In modern printing it is mainly used in the body of a book or newspaper.

 

Regular script: Regular script, also known as living script, is a kind of imitation of handwriting habit of a font, clean and even strokes, regular shape, widely used in student textbooks, popular books, annotations, etc.

Boldface: boldface, also known as square or iso-line, is a kind of literal square stout font, dignified font, horizontal and vertical strokes, handwriting all the same thickness, structure eye-catching tight. Boldface is suitable for headings or eye-catching notes or comments that need attention. The font is too strong for body printing.

 

Song style imitation: Song style imitation is a kind of song style structure, regular script strokes of a more elegant and straight font, stroke horizontal and vertical thickness is uniform, often used for printing subtitles, poetry passages, comments, citations, etc., in some readings are also used to print the text part.

 

Art style: Art style refers to some abnormal special typography, usually used to beautify the layout. The strokes and structure of art are generally some visualization, often used in the cover of books or the title of the page, appropriate application, can effectively enhance the artistic taste of printed matter. The types of this type of font are very wide, such as Handing, Wending and other font library. [next]

 

2. Font Size

The font size is a measurement standard to distinguish the size of the text, the international common is the point system, in China is based on the number system, the point system as a supplement. The number system is based on several types of movable characters that do not double. According to the conversion relationship of doubling or halving, the system can be divided into four character system, five character system, six character system, etc. The smaller the nominal number of the font size, the larger the font size, for example, the number four is larger than the number five, the number five is larger than the number six, etc.

 

Point system is also known as pound system (P), is to calculate the shape of the word "point" value as a measurement standard. According to the provisions of the printing industry standard, the size of each point value of the font size is equal to 0.35mm, the error shall not exceed 0.005mm, such as the fifth character with dot system is equal to 10.5 points, that is, 3.675mm. The text is all in dots, with each dot equal to about 1/72 of an inch, or 0.35146mm.

 

The size of the font is the size of traditional typesetting text, with the exception of signs and dots. The unit of calculation is mm, which is called "level (J or K)". Each level is equal to 0.25mm and 1mm is equal to 4 levels. The size of typesetting text generally ranges from 7 to 62, as well as from 7 to 100. In a computer phototypesetting system, there is also a number system. In the process of printing and typesetting, if a character marked with a number is encountered, the number value must be converted into a series to master the correct size of the character. The conversion relationship between number and series is as follows:

 

1J = 1K =0.25mm = 0.714 points (P)

1 point (P) =0.35mm=1.4 level (J or K)

 

3. Layout design and layout specifications

The layout should be designed according to the requirements of the printed layout. For example, in the printing of a book, it is necessary to pay attention to the size of the fola, the form of typesetting (horizontal or vertical), the font size of the text, the number of lines and the number of words per page, the space between words and lines, the number of columns and the number of words per column, the spacing between columns, the page number and the placement of page numbers, the position and size of the header and footer, etc.

 

In the text typesetting, but also pay attention to some prohibition provisions, such as at the beginning of each paragraph to empty two characters, the line can not be lined with a period, comma, stop, semicolon, colon, question mark, exclamation mark and under quotation marks, brackets, under the title and other punctuation marks, at the end of the line can not be lined with quotes, brackets, on the title and the Chinese serial number such as ①②③, etc., Fractions, years, chemical formulas, plus and minus signs in front of numbers, temperature identifiers, and monosyllabic foreign words should not be placed in two separate lines. [next]

 

Two, paper

Paper is one of the important contents that pre-press workers need to pay attention to, which determines the great range of printed products.

1. Composition of paper

Paper is a kind of material material made by adding filler, rubber, color and other components into the processing of plant fiber.

Paper consists of raw materials, mainly straw, bamboo, cotton and linen, and usable waste. According to the different raw materials, the nature of the paper will be different.

 

Filler is a material used to increase the flexibility of paper, reduce the transparency and elasticity of paper, and make the surface of paper smooth and even, such as talc powder for general printing paper, kaolin and barium sulfate for high-grade paper. The use of filler should be appropriate, generally accounting for about 20% of the paper, too much will reduce the resistance and flexibility of the line, and will hinder the absorption of ink, resulting in the printing of powder.

 

The rubber material is to fill the small pores in the paper to improve the water resistance of the paper, but also to improve the gloss and strength of the paper and to prevent the role of fuzz on the paper. Commonly used rubber materials are rosin, alum, starch and so on.

Color is to enhance the color purity of the paper, mostly using inorganic pigments or organic dyes. [next]

 

2, paper specifications

Paper can be divided into plate paper and web paper according to different printing purposes. Plate paper is suitable for general printing press, web paper is generally used for high-speed rotary printing press.

 

The size of paper is generally produced in accordance with national standards. Printing, writing and drawing paper base paper size is: web width of 1575mm, 1092mm, 880mm, 787mm four; The base paper size of plate paper is divided into: 880mm× 1230mm, 850mm×1168mm, 880mm×1092mm, 787mm×1092mm, 787mm× 960mm, 690mm×960mm and so on.

 

The standard of book and magazine folio and paper size, the national regulation is to use 880mm×1230mm, 900mm×1280mm, 1000mm×1400mm uncut single paper size printing. Due to equipment, production, supply and other reasons, the original 787mm×1092mm, 850mm×1168mm size of paper, currently can continue to use, but it should be noted that this size is to be phased out of the old standard folian, the paper size will be transferred to the new national standard.

In coastal areas, because of the large number of foreign printing enterprises, many printing institutions are still widely using some old paper, the weight of paper is expressed in quantitative and ream weight. It is generally expressed in quantity, that is, we commonly known as the "gram weight". Quantitative refers to the mass relationship per unit area of paper, expressed in g/m2. For example, 150g paper means that each square meter of this kind of paper weighs 150g. Any paper weighing less than 200g/m2 (including 200g/m2) is referred to as "paper", and any paper weighing more than 200g/m2 is referred to as "board". Ream weight refers to the total mass of paper per ream (1 ream for 500 sheets), measured in kg (kg). According to the quantity and format size of paper, Ream weight can be calculated by the formula ream weight (kg) = paper size (m2) × 500× quantity (g/m2).